Models of Abnormality

Abnormality is behavior that is not ordinary and it is when an individual way of functioning is impaired. It is when an individual gets out of the normal behavior of society. The situations are well explained in the models of psychology. Psychological abnormalities’ nature is well described by the models of abnormality. They are four models of abnormality but in this case, we will describe the two of them that are related to the topic. They include the cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, and biological models. The biological model states that to control the psychological processes all physical beings, the brain, biochemicals related, and neuroanatomy work together. It also states that mental abnormality is biological or physically treated. It also suggests that all physiological diseases should be treated as physical diseases through medication or surgery. The biological model consists of physical stress, chemical imbalance, genetics, and the nervous system function (Becker et al., 2018). The biological model states that when it is proven that the abnormality is a mental illness then it is not the responsibility of the individual. People are fearful of mental illness because they term it as dangerous when a person is diagnosed with it.

The behavioral model states that generally individual’s behavior is gotten from the environment they relate with. This model can be controlled by first identifying the environment of the individual that causes the abnormal behavior. The solution to this illness is bringing another stimulus and relating it to the first stimulus to provoke a new behavior based on the new stimulus. The model allows all the cultural and individual differences to be accounted for. It states that if the behavior is not affecting another person negatively then it is not regarded as an abnormality (Becker et al., 2018). There is a criticism that the behavioral model only focuses on the behavior rather than the main cause of the disorder. They claim that when a behavior is treated as a symptom, it can be a problem in another way so it is good to treat the cause not the symptoms to prevent it from reoccurring.

The cognitive model is about the malfunction of thought and deficiency in cognitive behavior. In other words, a person who has cognitive abnormality is unable to reason and plan well. This abnormality affects memory and perception and therefore it is hard to solve problems in life. Cognitive behavior is based on how the mind responds to situations and thus having a cognitive disorder will impact the thinking process. The brain is unable to function well and therefore it becomes a challenge for the person to perform well in education and also solve life problems. treatment of cognitive abnormal behavior involves training the patient on how to modify their thinking process. This is because the problem with the individual is not the behavior but the thinking process. Cognitive treatment is the same as behavioral treatment but in cognitive therapy, the psychiatrists help the individual to accept who they are and try to think positively about who they are. Although the patient might not change completely, cognitive therapy helps in improving the status of the individual (Becker et al., 2018).

In conclusion abnormality in psychology is based on abnormal behavior and psychopathology. In this discussion, several conditions and how they can be addressed including anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and related disorder have been explained. The study has also explained how these disorders are impacted by cultural factors and how society can help the remedies surrounding them. From the study, it is evident that people with disorders in society need to be handled with care so that they can learn how to survive by accepting and appreciating who they are.