Manufacturers in developed countries are putting in practice a relatively new concept of re-manufacturing as during the usage of the product it undergoes wear and tear. During remanufacturing, worn out parts are replaced with new ones and the performance of the product is upgraded to the level of a new one.
Similarly, equipment sold can be checked after use to the remanufacturing process and be brought back to the remanufacturing unit.
The investment in remanufacturing and related reverse logistics supply chain can be justified on the basis of economies of scale.