Homicide

19. Kleck and Kovandzic  examined whether the level of homicide in a particular city affected the likelihood that people in that city would own firearms. They measured homicide as the number of homicides that took place in the city in 1 year divided by the total city population. They measured handgun ownership as whether survey respondents said they did or did not own a gun.

1. Identify the independent variable used in this study. 2. Identify the level of measurement of the independent variable. 3. Identify the dependent variable in this study. 4. Identify the level of measurement of the dependent variable. 5. Identify the unit of analysis. (Hint: This study has two!)

20. Gau et al.  examined whether suspects’ race or ethnicity influenced the likelihood that police would brandish or deploy Tasers against them. They measured race as white, Hispanic, black, or other. They measured Taser usage as Taser used or some other type of force used.

1. Identify the independent variable used in this study. 2. Identify the level of measurement of the independent variable. 3. Identify the dependent variable in this study. 4. Identify the level of measurement of the dependent variable. 5. Identify the unit of analysis.