National Health Service

(NHS) A system in which the government directly pays all costs of health care for its citizens. negative social sanctions Punishments, ranging from ridicule to execution, meted out to those considered deviant by society. neglected tropical diseases (NTDS) Diseases that receive far less attention than they deserve given their impact. neoliberalism Socioeconomic philosophy that encourages free trade and private enterprise, discourages government involvement in social services, and promotes the idea that each individual has the freedom and the responsibility to make wise consumer choices. neonatal infant mortality Deaths of infants during the first 27 days after birth. NHS See National Health Service. normalize To make something seem like the normal course of events. In the context of medical error, this refers to emphasizing how medical errors can happen to anyone. In the context of mental illness, this refers to explaining to oneself and others how unusual behavior is not really a sign of mental illness. norms Social expectations for appropriate behavior. Nuremberg Code A set of internationally recognized principles regarding the ethics of human experimentation that emerged during the post–World War II Nuremberg trials for medical crimes against humanity. The code stipulates that researchers must have a medically justifiable purpose, do all within their power to protect their subjects from harm, and ensure that their subjects give voluntary, informed consent.