› Family systems theory: This theory views the family as a system in which each member is strongly emotionally connected to and reactive toward the others. When there is a change in one person’s functioning, the other family members will also change in order to maintain equilibrium in the family system. Some family members will do more accommodating than others, and these individuals may begin to give up their own autonomy and neglect their own needs in order to stabilize the family. This can result in a variety of dysfunctional behaviors and negative emotions
› Person in environment (PIE) perspective: This perspective emphasizes the interactions between the person and the context within which he or she exists. The PIE approach to assessment includes information on the client, his or her problem or concern, and his or her social environment